Personality
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Theories of Personality
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1. The Psychodynamic (or Psychoanalytic) Approach
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psychic determinism
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psychoanalysis- the process of using special techniques to reveal the true meaning of
behavior
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structure of personality
1. id (Latin for "it")
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libido
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Eros
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Thanatos
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pleasure principle
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2. ego (Latin for "I")
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reality principle
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3. superego (Latin for "above the ego")
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personality dynamics
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defense mechanisms- the unconsious psychological and behavioral tactics
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1. denial
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repression
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2. projection
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3. reaction formation
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4. sublimation
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stages in development- psychosexual stages
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1. oral stage
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2. anal stage
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3. phallic stage
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the Oedipal complex for boys
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the Electra complex for girls
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4. latency period
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5. genital stage
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fixation- retaining the psychic organization of the stage in which conflict still exists
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1. oral personality
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2. anal personality
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3. phallic personality
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4. genital personality
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ego psychology- deemphasizes the role of instincts and the unconscious
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2. the dispositional (trait) approach
dispositions or traits- the stable attributes or tendencies one possesses
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basic assumptions
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3. the behavioral approach
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personality- a label for the sum total of a person's behavior patterns
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4. phenomenological approach(es)
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Rogers' self theory- humanistic psychology
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the fundamental drive is self-actualization
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positive regard
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conditions of worth
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unconditional positive regard